The addition of peas to oats or other small grains including barley or triticale grown for forage does not necessarily improve yield, although it can increase yields from 0-0.5 tons dry matter per acre. Research has shown that the optimum time for cutting oaten hay is at the watery ripe stage (Z71), the earliest stage of milk development. The harvested forage is generally higher in quality and more palatable to animals than oats grown alone. Sudden respiratory problems can occur. growing conditions are highly digestible and often contain 80%–85% moisture (15%–20% dry matter). Hay — Oat should be cut for hay at early heading to maximize yield and quality. When compared to alfalfa cut at the same level of maturity, oat grass hay is lower in crude protein and lower in digestible energy. Page last updated: Thursday, 5 October 2017 - 1:39pm, Oats: hay quality for export and domestic markets, AFIA - Australian Fodder Industry Association, Biosecurity and Agriculture Management Act, Western Australia's agriculture and food sector, Casual, short-term employment and work experience. Could you use some extra pasture or hay in late September and October? Oats can also be baled for hay when it's between the boot and early-heading stage.” he bT oot sta ge i when s there is a lump in the stalk but the head has not yet For hay, cut oats soon after plants begin to dry out following a killing freeze, or cut earlier if plants reach a desirable growth stage. Some oat varieties do not meet the exporters standard and therefore will not be accepted for delivery. Once the kernels are ripe, you can thresh out the oats. Oats seeded on August 1st would typically be ready to harvest in early-October. Last year with the weather, we weren't able to get it in until June. Typically, two-thirds of the oats planted are harvested for grain and the rest is grown primarily for forage/hay. The forage also helps nix erosion by covering the soil longer into the growing season. There are specific requirements for hay for the export market that are different to usual on-farm requirements. However, summer seeded oats tend to mature more slowly as days shorten in the fall, so may require an additional 10 days or so. In Koehler’s case, he underseeded red clover with oats in both 2018 and 2019. Perhaps the most important factor is ensuring that adequate soil moisture exists to facilitate quick germination. With good moisture, oats will be ready to graze about 6 to 8 weeks after emergence. This oat hay produces a high protein feed suitable for cattle, horses and sheep. Forage oats is the main winter forage crop in Queensland due to its ability to produce good-quality feed when most pastures are dormant. The oats grow quickly to suppress weeds, and the grain produced helps pay for the alfalfa seed. A fully prepared seedbed usually is best, but you can plant oats directly into wheat stubble or other crop residues if weeds are killed ahead of planting. Oats planted beyond early July won’t get a young farmer out of the classroom, but these aren’t your grandpa’s oats . In this area we explore using oats to produce high quality export hay. These include earlier cutting times, green hay colour, low moisture content, freedom from weeds and thin-strawed varieties. Cutting at this stage will deliver the best compromise between yield and quality. Some processors however may prefer hay cut at a different development stage, so check with your exporter before cutting. Calculating / estimating seeding rates When planning for hay cutting it is important to consider rain events. The grain should not contain more than 13 percent moisture for safe storage. The Legacy. UNL web framework and quality assurance provided by the, Apply to the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Give to the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Explore Beef (The People. Oats may be one of our most under-used fall forages. He sold the red clover – that subsequently grew after oat harvest – for hay in the fall. IT’S RAINING HAY! When oats are grown for hay or silage, fertility recommendations are similar to those for grain production -- 75-125 lbs of nitrogen per acre. Eight tips for growing perfect oats. ), The National Academies Press: Agriculture. In early spring or fall, weed and till the planting area. "However, growth and vigor are typically greater where pre-plant tillage is used." To learn about harvesting your oats, scroll down! Our target planting date is late March to early April. If you have good soil moisture, give fall oats a try. Oats can accumulate nitrates, so test hay before feeding. For hay, cut oats soon after plants begin to dry out following a killing freeze, or cut earlier if plants reach a desirable growth stage. The Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development's 2018 Oat Variety Guide provides a comparison of grain yield, grain quality, hay yield, hay quality, herbicide tolerance and disease resistance for new and established milling oat varieties. Oats can accumulate nitrates, so test hay before feeding. Plus, it dies out over winter, so it protects soil without causing planting problems next spring. Organise contractors to cut hay as soon as possible after water ripe, keeping in mind rainfall events. In recent years, as market demands and cropping systems have changed, oats are more often being harvested as hay or silage for livestock. Planting rates should be adjusted for germination, seed size and percentage establishment in the The Land. Independent comparative data on variety performance for hay is limited. A shortened version of the URL, helpful when communicating the URL over email or verbally. In addition to being a favored spring-planted companion or cover crop for forage seedings, they have historically been harvested as a cash grain crop. The option of oats for hay is becoming increasingly popular in some regions where growers have identified it as profitable and as a tool to manage herbicide resistance. . or increase hay and silage production. Drill three to four bushels into new fields for hay. By Steve Barnhart, Department of Agronomy Oats have been an important crop in Iowa. When oat grass hay is correctly managed using optimal fertilization programs, we can increase fiber digestion and growth of the plant while minimizing water soluble carbohydrates (Malik et al., 2011). Target planting date is late March to early April significantly after the water ripe, you can thresh out oats... 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